Polyurethanes have the ability to be made into foams (which is one of their most desirable properties). This is done by facilitating the production of a gas (usually carbon dioxide) during the urethane polymerization process. Another advantage of polyurethane is that high-density microcellular foams of the polymer can be produced without any blowing agents.
About Polyurethanes
Advantages of Polyurethanes
Polyurethanes have the ability to be made into foams (which is one of their most desirable properties). This is done by facilitating the production of a gas (usually carbon dioxide) during the urethane polymerization process. Another advantage of polyurethane is that high-density microcellular foams of the polymer can be produced without any blowing agents.
Applications of Polyurethane
Some important applications of polyurethane are listed below.
1. The primary application of polyurethane is in the production of foams. These foams are used in a variety of materials such as upholstery fabrics, domestic furniture, and refrigerator sheets.
2. Polyurethane is also used in some garments.
3. Polyurethane mouldings are also used in columns and door frames. In fact, it is not uncommon for such mouldings to be employed in window headers and balusters.
4. The low-density foams of polyurethane which exhibit flexibility are widely used in mattresses and other forms of bedding. They are also used in automobile seats and upholstery.
5. Flexible polyurethane is also used in the manufacture of partially elastic straps and bands.
6. The low-density elastomers of polyurethane are widely used in the footwear industry.
7. Another notable application of polyurethane is in the manufacture of bathroom and kitchen sponges. It is also used in seat cushions and couches.
What are the uses of polyurethane?
Flexible polyurethane foam is widely used as padding in a wide range of consumer and industrial items including bedding, underlay carpets, vehicle interiors, chairs, and packaging. This type of polyurethane foam can be produced in virtually any shape and firmness. It is known to be lightweight, comfortable, and durable. Rigid polyurethane foams are used in highly energy-efficient and flexible insulations. These foams are known to significantly reduce energy costs in residential and commercial properties.
How is polyurethane prepared?
Polyurethanes are prepared by reacting polyols (alcohols with more than two reactive hydroxyl groups in each molecule) with diisocyanates or polymeric isocyanates. Suitable catalysts and additives are used wherever necessary. Since a variety of diisocyanates and a wide range of polyols can be used for the production of polyurethane, a wide spectrum of polyurethane materials can be produced to meet the requirements for specific applications. It can also be noted that polyurethanes can exist in a variety of forms including rigid foams, flexible foams, speciality adhesives, chemical-resistant coatings, sealants, and elastomers.
